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- Write a short note on Electrical Double Layer (Helmholtz and Stern Models).
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- Explain Electro-osmosis with diagram?
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- Explain Streaming potential.
4637 Views
- Explain Sedimentation potential? OR Explain Dorn Effect.
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- Derive an equation for Donnan Membrane Equilibrium.
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- What Are Emulsions?
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By Sunil Bhardwaj
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An emulsion is a colloidal system in which both, dispersed phase and dispersion medium, are in liquid state. Milk is familiar example of emulsion which is considered as fat emulsified with water. In most cases one of the liquid is oil and other is water. Hence two types of emulsion are normally studied. (1) Oil in water (o/w) emulsion and (2) Water in oil (w/o) emulsion,
Most of the emulsions are unstable. In order to get stable emulsion it is necessary to add another substance known as emulsifier or emulsifying agent. Long chain organic compounds with polar groups such as soaps of various kinds, long chain sulphonic acids, alkyl sulphates work as emulsifiers. They got adsorbed at the interface between the dispersed droplets and dispersion medium in the form of monomolecular layer. It lowers the interfacial tension between oil and water so as to facilitate the mixing of two liquids.
The soap molecules get Hydrocarbons concentrated at the chain interface between water and oil in such a way that the polar ends ( COONa) dip in water and the hydrocarbon chain dip in oil. It results in bringing two liquids in intimate contact and stable emulsion is obtained. Some lyophilic colloids such as proteins, gums, gelatin, agar-agar also act as emulsifiers.
- What are Surfactants?
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Prof. Gianfranco Coletti
Shared publicly - 2019-08-23 00:00:00
Don’t want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of different classes for each tier as needed. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.
Prof. Maheshwar Sharon
Shared publicly - 2019-08-24 00:00:00
For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the .col and .col-* classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to
sunil
Shared publicly - 2023-02-28 11:09:52
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Shared publicly - 2023-02-28 10:48:10
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